In developmental psychology known for being in a phase of adolescent search for identity that is full of difficulties and problems. Adolescent developmental phase lasts long enough about 11 years, ranging in age from 11-19 years in women and 12-20 years in men. Phase perkebangan phase these teens said the search for identity that is full of difficulties and problems in this phase is because teens are in between two intersections between the world of children and adults.Difficulties and problems that arise in the adolescent phase is not only appear in a teenager itself but also on parents, teachers and communities. Where can we see often there is a contradiction between teens with parents, teenagers with teachers and even among teens themselves.
Why did this happen? Can be briefly explained that the nature of adolescents exist between the two phases perkembanganlah crossing (interim phase), which makes a phase full of hardship and adolescent issues. It is certain that someone who was in a state of transition or a transition from one state to another is often experienced turmoil and turbulence can sometimes be detrimental and even fatal (cause death). (Shah, 2001),,However, essentially all the hardships and problems that arise in this phase of adolescent development can be minimized or even eliminated, if parents, teachers and communities are able to understand the development of the soul, the development of adolescent mental health and able to increase the confidence of the most significant remaja.Persoalan often faced youth day to-day so that made it difficult to adapt to its environment is the relationship of adolescents with older people, especially the father, and her struggle gradually to free themselves from their dominance at the level of adults.
Often parents interfere in personal affairs with a teenage son who is asking these questions as follows: "Where were you last night?", "Who were you going?", "What do you see?" And so forth. These questions basically addressed by parents is due to the presence of parental care and safety of their teenagers. But the ears and the child perceived the questions as a police interrogation of a criminal who was captured.
In the view of psychologists family or a good parent is a parent who is able to introduce teenagers need the following challenges to be free and then help and support it optimally and provide the opportunity and the means which lead to freedom.Additionally teens also are encouraged to take responsibility, make decisions, and plan its future. However, understanding this process does not happen quickly, it needs patience and sincerity of parents in guiding and directing their teenagers.
Furthermore, psychologists suggest that the best strategy and fit with the youth strategy is its tendency to respect the independence freely without neglecting attention to their parents. This strategy is in addition to creating a climate of trust between parents and children, can also teach the adaptation or adjustment to a healthy teenager. This is very helpful development, maturity, and adolescent mental balance. (Mahfuz, 2001),,Growth and development that occur during adolescence are not always handled well.In this phase, on the one side of the adolescents still showed childishness, but on the other hand are required to be mature by the environment. In line with social development, they are more conformity to the group and began to break away from attachment and dependence on his parents, and often show an attitude challenge the authority of parents.
Adolescent coping wrong sometimes perform actions that are not realistic, and even tends to escape from its responsibilities. Transfer behavior problems faced by consuming alcoholic beverages is mostly done by groups of teenagers, even to reach the level of drug abuse and dependence on addictive substances.
In connection with the release of the responsibility, among adolescents also frequently encountered many attempts to commit suicide. in developed countries, like America, Japan, New Zealand, the problem of suicide among teenagers is at an alarming rate.While developing countries such as Indonesia, unhealthy behaviors that adolescents are at risk of accidents as well as many teenagers do, such as reckless driving. Other things become important issues among teenagers in all countries is the increasing number delinkuensi. Such behavior such as involvement in a fight between fellow teenager, ran away from home, commit acts of violence, and violations of law, is commonly done by teenagers.
Mental health community is basically reflected aspects of adolescent mental health.The higher delinquency rates, teen suicide, drug use and dependence on addictive substances, mental health community means more rendah.Usaha guidance is very important mental health among adolescents, in the form of special programs, such as increased awareness of mental health, counseling on family life, living healthy and preventing the use of addictive substances, as well as counseling on prevention against HIV / AIDS, and the like.Adolescent mental health programs can be done through formal institutions teenagers, such as schools, and also through other interventions such as community programs, or programs made specifically for youth groups.
Sources: http://id.shvoong.com/social-sciences/psychology/1854941-kesehatan-mental-remaja/ # ixzz1R24AcSqD
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